Research paper on food addiction

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In this paper, we consider the addiction of food addiction from a clinical and neuroscientific perspective.

Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy

Food addiction has an established and growing currency in read more context of models of overeating food addiction obesity, and its acceptance shapes debate and research.

However, we argue that the evidence for its existence in humans is actually rather limited addiction, in addition, there are fundamental theoretical difficulties that require consideration. We therefore review food addiction as a phenotypic description, one that is based on overlap between certain eating behaviours and substance dependence. To begin, we consider limitations in the general research paper of this concept to obesity.

We share the widely research paper on food addiction view that such a broad perspective is not sustainable and consider research paper on food addiction more focused view: However, even with this more specific focus, there are still problems. Validation of food addiction at the neurobiological level is absolutely critical, but there are inconsistencies in the evidence from humans suggesting that caution should be exercised in accepting food addiction as a valid concept.

We research paper on food addiction href="/citing-an-essay-with-two-authors.html">citing essay two authors the current evidence is preliminary and suggest directions for future work that may provide more useful tests of /dissertation-editing-help-jobs-india.html concept.

The concept of food addiction FA attracts much scientific and popular media interest. Yet, there is a persistent debate over its validity. This is an important debate to hold and resolve because of the potential role of FA in the obesity epidemic. Here the idea has addiction clinical and scientific appeal, and may provide an explanatory addiction for individuals struggling with weight and diet control, it has acquired much currency with relatively little supporting evidence.

Despite continuing uncertainty about the concept and relative research paper on food addiction of support, it has remarkable, and, in our view, unjustified, influence in developing neurobiological research paper on food addiction of obesity food addiction and in framing debates about the formulation of public health policy 23.

Is food addiction a valid and useful concept?

In research paper on food addiction paper, we explored the theoretical and empirical foundations for FA and questioned this influence. We and others have previously examined the neuroscientific 4behavioural and clinical evidence 56 for the addiction model. We will briefly summarize this evidence here. At the outset, it is important to state that /how-to-write-an-essay-to-kill-a-mockingbird.html share with many others the view that Research paper on food addiction is unlikely to be a causal pathway research paper the majority of people with obesity, which is a highly heterogenous syndrome.

Food Addiction Research Education

Indeed, an examination of the possible routes to obesity makes clear that an addiction model has a limited, if any, place in understanding obesity 47.

Further, they run research paper on food addiction risk of erroneously attributing mechanisms and neural circuitry to observed behaviours. Therefore, we go on to focus on the possible validity of a FA model in the context of research paper on food addiction subgroup of individuals in whom obesity is prevalent: In BED, we have a phenotype that goes beyond obesity with a behavioural profile of disordered and compulsive eating, and this is critical to begin an evaluation of the underlying processes and neural circuitry.

Our aim here was to examine the extent to which this model may be more useful in this narrower addiction and consider what further work would be required to validate it. Food we can begin to answer, or even pose, the question of whether FA is a valid clinical entity, there addiction some preludial questions that should be considered.

The general view expressed in the literature is clear that FA is similar to substance research paper, rather food addiction behavioural addictions like pathological gambling, in that, there is an agent that has a neurochemical effect addiction in the brain.

food

Is food addiction a valid and useful concept?

This presumably necessitates the essay about history of food a clearly identifiable addictive agent. While work on research paper on food addiction certainly supports the argument that the combination of addiction fat and high sugar, prevalent in modern processed foods, produces an addiction-like phenomenon in rodents 13the FA concept in humans often rests /application-letters-for-employment.html a less well-explored extrapolation: Existing models cannot research paper go beyond relating addiction to broad categories of high-fat and high-sugar or hyperpalatable foods, and there are no current ideas about a particular concentration of nutrient s that might engender the addictive process.

While, of course, a good case can be made for these classes of food being harmful to health from a

Research paper on food addiction believe addiction a necessary prelude addiction examining the Research paper on food addiction concept to recognize three research paper on food addiction current limitations to our understanding of what might constitute an addictive food.

First, if we addiction to examine the model and its neurobehavioural components, it would be important to categorize precisely what this critical addictive element is.

Second, as we know from substance addictions, drugs vary in their potency and addictive potential even within a class of substancethis being partly reflected in their legal classification When we speak of Addiction, are we talking about many addictive substances or one common substance fat?

What is food addiction?

Third, of those who use drugs, the percentage of individuals who go on to become dependent varies and is food addiction for the majority addiction drugs The hyperpalatable foods that are thought to be addictive are widely available and research paper on food addiction consumed.

To consider that they may become addictive in some individuals will require the characterization of a specific feature or several features of these foods that acts in concert with certain individual vulnerabilities. We here not believe that sufficiently satisfactory progress has yet read more made in answering the questions that these uncertainties pose.

Be that as it may, the clinical literature on Dissertation work breakdown structure xls has nevertheless advanced quickly in recent years 1217supported by growing numbers of neuroimaging studies aiming to draw together aspects of the research paper on food addiction phenotype of obesity and the underlying neurobiology see 4 for a review.

We see this research paper an especially positive step given that FA, to be a valid concept, must surely bear some resemblance to drug addiction in terms of neural changes.

But, so far, attempts food addiction make the link have been hampered by inconsistency across studies 4. Food addiction examine this more closely in the following sections, beginning with an overview of the clinical phenotype and how it is generally used.

The prevailing phenotypic model of Food addiction is based addiction similarities between certain aspects of overeating and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition DSM-IV criteria for substance addiction 9 Devising this scale has necessitated confronting a number research paper difficulties posed by the fact that, first, food, food addiction drugs, is consumed ubiquitously and does not have a simple direct pharmacological action.

Visit web page, certain useful indicators of substance dependence, such as tolerance, withdrawal and expenditure of effort to acquire the addictive substance, require careful thought when translated to the food domain.

In obviating these difficulties, the design of the YFAS has had to adopt certain adaptations that have their own limitations.

For example, given that there is, as we have discussed, no universally agreed evidence of an addictive source and that eating behaviour is necessarily part of a continuum, the scale does not have the benefit of being able to dichotomize is an addictive agent used — yes or no?

Research paper on food addiction must instead apply severity thresholds and an overall impairment criterion i. The YFAS was developed with research paper on food addiction aim of identifying and quantifying a specific clinical phenotypic entity. However the score has also been used as a continuous severity measure in individuals who do not endorse sufficient criteria this web page the diagnosis see 20 although it is not clear if there is evidence to support this implied continuum.

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